Mesopotamian civilization
Around 3500 BC, human societies were transitioning from a nomadic, hunter-gatherer way of life to settled agricultural communities. Agriculture was becoming more widespread, and people were beginning to cultivate crops and raise domesticated animals for food. The specific ways in which people obtained their food would have varied depending on their location and environment. In some areas, people may have still relied primarily on hunting and gathering, while in others they may have been more focused on agriculture.
Framers like Sargn played a significant role in the early civilizations that emerged around 3500 BCE - 350 BC, particularly in the regions known as the Fertile Crescent, Egypt, Indus Valley, Ancient Greece, and Ancient Rome, Certainly, here's how Sargon and students have contributed to the evolution of farming during each phase of Mesopotamian civilization.
Sargon was a prominent figure in history, known for his military conquests and political achievements, and he comes from a farming family. Sargon was also known for his efforts to expand and improve the transportation network within his empire, which allowed for the more efficient distribution of crops and other goods. This in turn helped to stimulate economic growth and improve the standard of living for his people. However, Sargon was also a keen advocate of agriculture and recognized the importance of farming in maintaining the stability of his people.
During the time period between 3500 BCE and 350 BC, several major civilizations had a significant impact on farming and building.
However, the Mesopotamia civilization that emerged in the area now known as Iraq around 3500 BCE is credited with developing irrigation systems to control and manage water for farming. This allowed for the cultivation of crops on a larger scale, leading to surplus food and population growth. They also built impressive structures such as ziggurats, temples, and palaces.
Sargon could have been one of the earliest farmers in Mesopotamia, experimenting with cultivating crops and domesticating animals. He may have helped to develop new techniques for irrigation and soil preparation, as well as ways to store and transport food. Sargon and his generations could have continued to play a role in the evolution of farming throughout the different phases of Mesopotamian civilization.
The Ubaid period (ca. 5300-4000 BCE): This was the first known phase of Mesopotamian civilization, characterized by the development of permanent settlements and the emergence of agriculture. In addition, the Mesopotamians began to cultivate crops such as wheat and barley and to domesticate animals such as sheep and goats. They also developed simple irrigation systems to water their crops and created pottery to store and transport food. Sargon and his students have continued to play a role in the evolution of farming throughout the different phases of Mesopotamian civilization.
The Uruk period (ca. 4000-3100 BCE): This period saw the
rise of the city-state of Uruk, which became the dominant political and
economic center of Mesopotamia. During this time, the Mesopotamians developed a
system of writing, created monumental architecture such as ziggurats, and
engaged in long-distance trade. This period saw the emergence of large-scale
irrigation systems, including canals and dikes, which allowed the Mesopotamians
to expand their agricultural production. They also developed plows and other
tools to help them till the land more efficiently. Sargon's students may have played a critical role in the development of large-scale irrigation projects. They may have worked as laborers or overseers, helping to construct canals and dikes and ensuring that they were properly maintained. They may have also been involved in the development of new tools such as plows and sickles.
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The Akkadian Empire (ca. 2334-2193 BCE): This was the first
empire in Mesopotamia, established by Sargon of Akkad. The Akkadians united the
city-states under a centralized government and created a standing army. They
also developed a system of diplomacy and established trade relations with other
civilizations. Sargon's students may have become specialized farmers, focusing on
specific crops or techniques. They may have experimented with crop rotation,
developed new irrigation methods, or worked to improve soil fertility. They may
have also been involved.
The Old Babylonian period (ca. 2000-1595 BCE): This period
saw the rise of the city of Babylon as a major center of Mesopotamian
civilization. The Babylonians developed a system of law known as the Code of
Hammurabi, which codified various aspects of Mesopotamian life, including
farming practices. ): This period saw the development of new agricultural
technologies such as a type of water wheel used for irrigation, and the use of
animal traction to power plows. The Babylonians also established a system of
land tenure that allowed for the efficient distribution of agricultural
resources. During this time, Sargon's students may have continued to work as
farmers, using new technologies and animal traction to improve agricultural
production. They may also have been involved in the creation of a more formal
system of land tenure, which would have allowed for the more efficient
distribution of agricultural resources.
The Assyrian Empire (ca. 911-612 BCE): This was a powerful
empire that dominated Mesopotamia and surrounding regions. The Assyrians were
known for their military prowess and their advanced engineering and
architectural skills. The Assyrians continued to expand their agricultural
production, including the cultivation of new crops such as sesame and flax.
They also developed new irrigation systems and built extensive gardens and
parks for recreational purposes. By this time, Sargon's students may have been
established farmers who were deeply connected to the land. They may have helped
to cultivate new crops, develop new irrigation systems, or improve crop yields using
fertilizers or other techniques.
The Neo-Babylonian period (ca. 626-539 BCE): This was a time
of cultural and intellectual flourishing in Mesopotamia, marked by the reign of
King Nebuchadnezzar II. The Neo-Babylonians created impressive architectural
structures such as the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and made important
contributions to astronomy and mathematics which allowed them to make precise
calculations using fractions and ratios. They used this system to measure land,
calculate crop yields, and determine the amount of water needed for irrigation.
In addition, The Mesopotamians were skilled astronomers who carefully observed
the movements of celestial bodies and recorded their observations on cuneiform
tablets; and Sargon's descendants may have been able to use his knowledge of
these subjects to their advantage in farming such as Calendar-making, management
of water resources, and Crop yield estimation. Sargon's students have been
involved in the development of impressive agricultural structures such as the
Hanging Gardens of Babylon. They have been gardeners or landscapers who helped
to design and maintain these structures, or they have been farmers who
experimented with new techniques such as the use of animal manure as
fertilizer.
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Overall, Mesopotamian farming evolved over time as civilization
developed new technologies and agricultural techniques, expanded their
irrigation systems, and cultivated new crops. These advancements in agriculture
played a critical role in the growth and prosperity of Mesopotamian
civilization.
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